Final answer:
The subject of this question is Medicine. It is a case study about a 45-year-old woman complaining of heartburn, regurgitation, and a severe cough while sleeping. These symptoms are indicative of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Step-by-step explanation:
The subject of this question is Medicine. It is a case study about a 45-year-old woman complaining of heartburn and frequent regurgitation of sour material into her mouth. She also experiences a severe cough while sleeping. The physical examination results were negative.
These symptoms are indicative of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). GERD is a chronic digestive disorder where stomach acid refluxes back into the esophagus, causing heartburn and regurgitation. The coughing episodes are likely due to the irritation of the esophagus by the acid reflux.
To treat GERD, dietary and lifestyle changes can be implemented to decrease the amount and acidity of reflux. Medications such as antacids or proton pump inhibitors may also be prescribed to manage symptoms.