Final answer:
Cognitive disruption refers to the disturbance in thought patterns characterized by vague and fragmented ideas lacking logical sequence, commonly seen in conditions such as psychosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
A disturbance of one's thinking in which ideas and thought patterns become vague, fragmented, and lack any logical sequences is referred to as cognitive disruption. This disorder is commonly associated with mental illnesses such as schizophrenia and psychosis, where the individual has difficulty differentiating reality from imagination and experiences disorganized thought processes. When students with psychosis face cognitive disruption, their ability to learn and absorb information can be significantly impaired, potentially leading to missed schoolwork and hospitalization.