Final answer:
The Civil Service Act of 1883 attempted to pattern government hiring after practices found in Business. It established the Civil Service Commission to ensure a merit-based system.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Civil Service Act of 1883, also known as the Pendleton Act, attempted to pattern government hiring after practices found in Business. The act established the Civil Service Commission, which was charged with ensuring that the federal government's selection, retention, and promotion practices were based on open, competitive examinations in a merit system. This reform aimed to reduce the impact of politics on the civil service sector and raise the qualifications for employment in civil service positions.