Final answer:
The strangler fig is the most harmful organism to the tree it grows on. So, the correct answer based on the provided options is:a. strangler fig
Step-by-step explanation:
The most harmful organism to the tree it grows on is the strangler fig. This organism begins life as an epiphyte in a host tree, but eventually strangles and kills the host tree. The aerial roots of the strangler fig extend to the ground and support the growing plant, leading to the eventual demise of the tree it grows on.
Among the options provided, the organism that is typically harmful to the tree it grows on is the strangler fig.
A. Strangler figs are known for germinating in the canopy of a host tree and sending down roots to the ground. As these roots grow, they may eventually surround and squeeze the host tree, competing for nutrients and water, and eventually leading to the death of the host tree.
On the other hand:
B. Orchids are generally epiphytes and do not harm the trees they grow on.
C. "Spanish" is incomplete and doesn't specify an organism.