Final answer:
The study of anatomical differences between various cell types in the human body is called histology, a key aspect of understanding human biology that examines cell shape and tissue arrangement.
Step-by-step explanation:
The study of the anatomical differences between cells in the human body is called histology. Histology involves examining the shape and arrangement of cells in tissue, and understanding how these variations in cell structure reflect the diversity in cell function. The human body starts from a single cell, which divides and gives rise to trillions of cells, all derived from three primary germ layers: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. These cells organize into tissues and have roles so varied that, despite having the same genetic blueprint, they become irreversibly committed to different developmental pathways.
The body has over 200 distinct cell types, each with the same basic internal structures but differing vastly in shape and function. For example, bone cells differ from immune cells, which differ from epithelial cells, and so on. Each type of cell plays a critical role in the body's growth, development, and maintenance.