Final answer:
The Spanish settled in the Caribbean, Mexico, Peru, and the Philippines after Columbus's arrival in America.
Step-by-step explanation:
After Christopher Columbus arrived in America, the Spanish established major colonies in various locations. They first settled in the Caribbean, specifically in the island of Hispaniola which is now divided between the Dominican Republic and Haiti. From there, the Spanish explored and settled in other areas such as Mexico, Peru, and the Philippines. These settlements became significant in terms of wealth and population in the New World.