Final answer:
Solar activity, volcanic activity, and ocean circulation patterns are other cycles in the Earth System that contribute to climate change.
Step-by-step explanation:
Other than Milankovitch cycles, there are several other cycles in the Earth System that contribute to climate change. One such cycle is solar activity, which refers to changes in the sun's intensity. The sun's output of energy varies over time, and periods of low solar activity, like the Maunder Minimum during the 17th to 19th centuries, can lead to cooler temperatures on Earth. Another cycle is volcanic activity, which releases large amounts of gases and particles into the atmosphere, affecting climate temporarily. Additionally, changes in ocean circulation patterns, such as El Niño and La Niña events, can have significant impacts on regional and global climate.