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Where the organization wants to be in the future and how to get there defines controlling 6. Organizing means defining goals for future organizational performance 7. The uşe of influence to motivate employees to achieve organizational goals defines organizing 8. How an organization goes about accomplishing a plan is a key part of the management function of controlling 9. Organizing means creating a shared culture and values. 10. Efficiency refers to the degree to which the organization achieves a stated objective. I l. To perform effectively, all managers must possess conceptual, human, and technical skills, though the degree of each skill necessary at different levels of an organization may vary 12. Technical skills are most important at lower organizational levels while human and conceptual skills become more important as managers move up the organizational hierarchy. Social forces refer to those aspects of a culture that guide and influence relationships among people. The early study of management as we know it today began with what is now called the technology-driven 13. 14. workplace. 15. The classical perspective on management emerged during the early eighteenth century 16. A bar graph that measures planned and completed work along each stage of production by time elapsed i called an Edwards Deming chart. 17. One of the criticisms of scientific management is it did not acknowledge variance among individuals. 18. Frederick W. Taylor developed Scientific Management and invented the fourteen principles of mana that should guide managerial behavior.

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Final answer:

Management is the subject of this question. It involves planning, organizing, leading, and controlling resources to achieve organizational goals. Efficiency, skills, and the classical perspective are important in the field of management.

Step-by-step explanation:

Management is the subject of this question. It involves the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling resources to achieve organizational goals. Organizing refers to defining goals for future organizational performance, while controlling involves monitoring and evaluating progress towards those goals. Efficiency, skills such as conceptual, human, and technical skills, and the classical perspective on management are all important aspects of management.

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