Question

4. Which neurotransmitter produced the effects Tim experienced?

a. Serotonin
b. Dopamine
c. Acetylcholine
d. Norepinephrine

Answer 1

Tim most likely experienced the effects due to the neurotransmitter Dopamine, as it governs pleasure, motivation, and reward, aligning with his reported symptoms of increased motivation and pleasure.Therefore the correct option is b.

Step-by-step explanation:

Dopamine is a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure, reward, and motivation. Its role in regulating mood, behavior, and cognition aligns with Tim's reported experiences. Serotonin primarily influences mood and emotions, but the symptoms described by Tim, such as increased motivation and pleasure, are more consistent with dopamine's effects. Acetylcholine plays a role in muscle movement and cognitive functions, while norepinephrine is associated with stress responses and arousal, making them less likely candidates for Tim's experiences.

Dopamine's impact on the brain's reward system leads to feelings of pleasure and reinforces behavior, motivating individuals to repeat certain activities. The effects Tim experienced, such as increased motivation and pleasure, are commonly associated with an increase in dopamine levels. Dopamine's role in regulating mood and motivation explains why it is linked to sensations like joy and drive, aligning closely with Tim's reported experiences.

Considering the symptoms reported by Tim—heightened motivation and pleasure—dopamine emerges as the likely neurotransmitter responsible for his experiences. Dopamine's functions and its influence on mood and behavior correspond well with the effects Tim described, pointing to its role in causing the observed sensations and behaviors.Thus the correct option is b.

Answer 2

Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter that produced the effects Tim experienced, including constriction of the pupil. So, the option c is correct.

Step-by-step explanation:

The induction of pupil constriction is attributed to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

Released by the parasympathetic nervous system, acetylcholine exerts various physiological effects, including the narrowing of the pupil, deceleration of heart rate, and stimulation of digestive processes.

In the context of pupil constriction, acetylcholine acts as the signaling molecule that transmits impulses within the nervous system.

This neurotransmitter binds to receptors in the iris muscles, prompting their contraction and resulting in the reduction of pupil diameter.

The broader influence of acetylcholine, beyond pupillary responses, encompasses its role in promoting rest-and-digest activities through parasympathetic dominance.

Its multifaceted impact highlights acetylcholine's significance in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis, with specific actions extending to autonomic control over vital processes such as cardiovascular activity and digestive functions.

Therefore, the option c is correct, Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter that produced the effects Tim experienced.