Final answer:
The optic nerve is responsible for vision by transmitting visual impulses to the brain, while eye movements are controlled by the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens cranial nerves. The vestibulo-ocular reflex additionally helps in coordinating eye movements to maintain a stable field of view despite head movements.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the human body, the transmission of visual impulses is a crucial function managed by specific cranial nerves. The optic nerve is responsible for vision, as it carries information from the photoreceptors in the eye to the brain. Eye movement, on the other hand, is orchestrated through the combined action of several cranial nerves: the oculomotor nerve (controls four of the six eye muscles, lifts the eyelid, and constricts the pupil), the trochlear nerve (controls the superior oblique muscle), and the abducens nerve (controls the lateral rectus muscle). Additionally, the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) ensures that even as the head moves, our gaze remains fixed on a visual target, by coordinating eye movements in the opposite direction of head movement.