Final answer:
Family, educational, and religious institutions are key in duplicating culture across generations, with each playing a distinctive role in socialization and the preservation of heritage, traditions, and norms.
Step-by-step explanation:
The institution that attempts to duplicate the culture of successive generations is the family, along with formal educational and religious institutions. In the context of a family, we observe career inheritance, where children often enter similar occupations as their parents. This can be seen when one family has governed a region for generations, as in historical examples. Formal educational systems also play a strong role in fostering cultural continuity, teaching the shared values, traditions, and social norms to younger individuals.
Similarly, religious institutions like churches, temples, synagogues, and mosques serve as critical venues for socializing individuals, often through ceremonies related to family structure such as marriages and births, thereby reinforcing the family unit and cultural norms. For instance, in many religious communities, participants learn how to interact with the religion's material culture and uphold gender norms.
Beyond direct familial transmission, society's formal and informal institutions, such as schools, workplaces, and media, collectively work to socialize the population, reinforcing cultural norms and values that are passed down through generations.