Final answer:
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is essential for foliculogenesis, stimulating the growth of ovarian follicles, with LH supporting estrogen production and ovulation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The main hormone vital to foliculogenesis is the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). During the follicular phase, the Hypothalamus and pituitary gland play a critical role in the development of follicles in the ovaries. Particularly, FSH and luteinizing hormone (LH) are released from the pituitary gland, which stimulate the growth of several follicles. FSH is primarily responsible for the growth of a tertiary follicle, while LH aids in the production of estrogen by the granulosa and theca cells of the follicle. When the follicle matures, it ruptures to release the oocyte during ovulation, and the residual cells form the corpus luteum.