Final answer:
Preganglionic fibers refer to the axons that project from the central neuron to a sympathetic ganglion, while postganglionic fibers refer to the axons that project from a ganglionic neuron to the target effector in the sympathetic nervous system.
Step-by-step explanation:
Preganglionic and Postganglionic Fibers in the Sympathetic Nervous System
Preganglionic fibers refer to the axons that project from the central neuron to a sympathetic ganglion, while postganglionic fibers refer to the axons that project from a ganglionic neuron to the target effector. Preganglionic sympathetic fibers are relatively short and myelinated, while postganglionic sympathetic fibers are long and unmyelinated. The preganglionic fibers release acetylcholine (ACh) to excite the ganglionic neuron, while the postganglionic fibers release norepinephrine to bind to adrenergic receptors in the target organ.