Final answer:
A stationary hot spot in the earth's mantle creates volcanic chains of high islands.
Step-by-step explanation:
A stationary hot spot in the earth's mantle creates volcanic chains of high islands. One example of this is the Hawaii hot spot, which has been active for at least 100 million years and has generated a 3500-kilometer-long chain of volcanic islands. The Hawaiian volcanoes, including the now-dormant Mauna Kea, are among the largest individual mountains on Earth, rising 9 kilometers above the ocean floor.