Final answer:
Peritonitis is the inflammation of the peritoneum, the inner lining of the abdominal wall. It can result from chemical or hemorrhagic causes and is particularly serious when associated with bacterial infections from certain digestive disorders.
Step-by-step explanation:
Inflammation of the inner surface of the abdominal wall is known as peritonitis. This condition occurs when there is inflammation of the peritoneum, which is the layer of tissue that lines the inside of the abdomen and covers most of the abdominal organs. Chemical peritonitis can occur when the alimentary canal wall is breached, letting gastric juices or other contents enter the peritoneal cavity. Hemorrhagic peritonitis involves blood filling the cavity, often due to an injury or rupture, such as from a tubal pregnancy or trauma to organs like the liver or spleen. The most severe form of peritonitis is usually caused by bacterial infections and may follow conditions such as appendicitis or diverticulitis. Treatment for peritonitis typically involves emergency surgery and intensive antibiotics, as it can be life-threatening with the mortality rate still ranging from 30 to 40 percent despite advances in medical care.