Final answer:
The Eastern Roman Empire, also known as Byzantium, was the other name for the eastern half of the Roman Empire that lasted for nearly 1000 years after the fall of Rome.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Eastern Roman Empire, also known as Byzantium, was the other name for the eastern half of the Roman Empire that lasted for nearly 1000 years after the fall of Rome. The people of Byzantium referred to themselves as Romans, and the use of the term 'Byzantine Empire' became widespread in Europe only after Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1453. The Byzantines spoke Greek and considered themselves a continuation of the ancient Roman Empire.