Final answer:
Multi-state nations can experience both centripetal and centrifugal forces. Centripetal forces unify and bring people together, while centrifugal forces divide and create tensions. Examples of centripetal and centrifugal forces can be seen in the European Union and devolutionary movements in European countries.
Step-by-step explanation:
Multi-state nations can exhibit both centripetal and centrifugal forces. Centripetal forces are those that unify a state and bring its people together. In the case of multi-state nations, these forces can come in the form of national identity, shared culture and language, or a strong central government. For example, the European Union acts as a centripetal force, promoting integration and cooperation among its member states. On the other hand, centrifugal forces are those that divide a state and create tensions and conflicts. In multi-state nations, centrifugal forces can arise from ethnic differences, regional autonomy movements, or economic disparities. These forces can threaten the unity and stability of the nation. One example is the devolutionary forces that challenge nation-state status in European countries.