Final answer:
Menopause leads to a decrease in estrogen, which increases the risk of osteoporosis. Adequate calcium intake from dietary sources can help prevent osteoporosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
Osteoporosis is more common in women than in men, especially after menopause. This is because menopause leads to a decrease in estrogen, a hormone that promotes bone health. Without sufficient estrogen, calcium is lost from the bones, leading to a decrease in bone density and an increased risk of osteoporosis.
To prevent osteoporosis, a diet that includes adequate calcium is important. Good dietary sources of calcium include dairy products such as milk, cheese, and yogurt, as well as fortified plant-based milk, tofu, leafy green vegetables like kale and broccoli, and canned fish with bones like salmon and sardines.