Final Answer:
In addition to acting as an exchange site between the mother and fetus, the placenta also secretes hormones, including human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and progesterone.
Step-by-step explanation:
The placenta serves as a crucial interface between the mother and the developing fetus during pregnancy. While facilitating the exchange of nutrients, gases, and waste products, it also plays an endocrine role by secreting hormones. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is one such hormone produced by the placenta shortly after implantation. It is essential for maintaining the corpus luteum in the early stages of pregnancy, ensuring the production of progesterone.
Progesterone, another hormone secreted by the placenta, is vital for maintaining the uterine lining and preventing contractions that could lead to miscarriage. These hormonal functions are integral to supporting a healthy pregnancy and ensuring the appropriate development and maintenance of the gestational environment.