Final answer:
Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty's experiments showed that DNA was the transforming principle.
Step-by-step explanation:
Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty's experiments showed that DNA was the transforming principle first described by Griffith. They conducted experiments in which they purified different molecular components of heat-killed S cells, such as DNA, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, and individually tested their ability to transform R cells. The results showed that only the DNA fraction of the dead S cells was able to cause transformation, leading them to conclude that DNA is the transforming principle.