Final answer:
The temperance movement's relation to new social conditions such as urbanization and immigration is true, expansion of federal power via the necessary and proper clause is false, and the potential failure of majority rule with more than two choices is true.
Step-by-step explanation:
The true or false question whether the temperance movement was partly a response to new social conditions such as increasing urbanization and immigration is true. This movement arose in the context of various societal changes, including increased urbanization and immigration, which led to concerns about social order and behaviors deemed harmful by the middle class, such as excessive drinking. Reform movements like the temperance movement sought to change both private behaviors and public policies.
As for the statement about the necessary and proper clause limiting the power of the national government, this is false. The clause has actually been interpreted to give Congress more leeway in passing laws deemed necessary and proper for carrying out its powers, thereby expanding federal power.
Lastly, the concept that majority rule can fail to produce a single preferred outcome when there are more than two choices is true. This can occur due to the potential for vote splitting among multiple options, which can prevent any single option from achieving a majority, leading to an outcome that does not reflect the true preference of the majority.