Final answer:
Edits refers to changes made to written work, parent code is the initial code, upcoding involves assigning higher billing codes, and downcoding involves assigning lower billing codes.
Step-by-step explanation:
a. Edits: Edits refer to changes made to a piece of written work to improve its accuracy, clarity, and overall quality.
b. Parent code: Parent code is the initial code that is modified or adapted to create variations or offspring codes.
c. Upcoding: Upcoding is the practice of assigning a higher billing code or level of service to a healthcare procedure or visit in order to receive higher reimbursement.
d. Downcoding: Downcoding is the practice of assigning a lower billing code or level of service to a healthcare procedure or visit in order to receive lower reimbursement.