Final answer:
The design that is a descriptive study rather than an analytical design is B) Cross-sectional study. It collects data from a sample of subjects at one particular point in time and does not follow individuals over time, unlike cohort and case-control studies.
Step-by-step explanation:
The study design that is a descriptive study rather than an analytical study design is B) Cross-sectional study. Descriptive studies are used to describe characteristics of a population or phenomenon being studied. They do not attempt to test hypotheses about relationships between variables.
In a cross-sectional study, data are collected from a sample of subjects at one particular point in time. This type of study design is useful for determining prevalence and can help identify associations between variables, but it cannot establish causality. Unlike cohort and case-control studies, a cross-sectional study does not follow individuals over time.
Cohort studies and case-control studies are types of analytical observational studies that are designed to answer specific questions about causal relationships by comparing outcomes between groups of subjects.