Final answer:
The long-term effects of mining include environmental, health, and social impacts. These include deforestation, pollution, respiratory problems, and displacement of communities.
Step-by-step explanation:
The long-term effects of mining include various environmental, health, and social impacts. Environmental effects include deforestation, habitat loss, pollution of water sources and air, and soil erosion. Health effects can range from respiratory problems due to exposure to dust and pollutants, to long-term risks such as black lung disease in coal miners. Social effects can include displacement of local communities, exploitation of natural resources, and the disruption of livelihoods.