Final answer:
The CPU converts the letter 'a' to binary code which it processes and sends to the monitor. The monitor then converts the binary code back to the letter 'a' and displays it on the screen.
Step-by-step explanation:
When you press the key corresponding to the letter 'a' on the keyboard, the process carried out inside the CPU to display the letter on the screen involves converting the letter 'a' to binary code. The CPU then processes this binary code and sends it to the monitor. The monitor then converts the binary code back to the letter 'a' and displays it on the screen.