Final answer:
Untreated sewage discharged by cruise ships is indeed considered pollution. It contains harmful substances and can lead to environmental and health issues. Proper sewage treatment processes are crucial in preventing water pollution and promoting sustainability.
Step-by-step explanation:
The untreated sewage discharged by cruise ships is indeed considered pollution. Sewage, or wastewater, can contain a variety of harmful substances such as pathogenic microorganisms, oxygen-demanding waste, excess nutrients like nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), as well as toxic heavy metals. When sewage is not treated, it can contaminate surface waters causing significant harm to ecosystems and human health. Proper sewage treatment is essential to protect water quality, reduce the spread of diseases, and promote sustainability. Sewage treatment plants utilize multiple steps to remove contaminants, including pretreatment, primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment, along with disinfection processes, before releasing the treated effluent into rivers or the ocean.
Moreover, efficient sewage treatment also focuses on the management of the resulting sludge, which may be processed further for energy production or as fertilizer. Consistent regulatory oversight and public education are crucial for preventing untreated sewage from polluting our water bodies and advancing sustainable practices in waste management.