Final answer:
In assessing a preschool-age child with abdominal pain, round burn marks on forearms and areas of ecchymosis on the torso should alert a nurse to possible abuse. These findings are concerning and merit further investigation, reporting, and intervention due to the possible implications for the child's well-being.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the scenario of a nurse assessing a preschool-age child who reports abdominal pain, certain findings should raise concern for possible abuse. Specifically, the findings that should alert the nurse to potential abuse include round burn marks on the forearms and areas of ecchymosis on the torso. These types of injuries may indicate non-accidental trauma, as burns in specific patterns and ecchymosis (bruises) in protected areas of the body are unusual and suggestive of inflicted injury. According to the Child Welfare Information Gateway, while some physical contact such as spanking may not be considered abuse if no injury results, more severe actions like burning or causing bruising through physical harm are considered abuse. The presence of abrasions on the knees is less specific and could be due to normal childhood activities. Mismatched clothing is not an indicator of abuse, and abdominal rebound tenderness may be related to the child's presenting complaint rather than abuse.
It is imperative for healthcare professionals to be aware of the signs of child abuse and to take necessary actions when abuse is suspected, as the long-term consequences on the child's physical, mental, and emotional well-being can be substantial. Documenting and reporting these findings to the appropriate services are critical steps in safeguarding the child and potentially initiating protective and therapeutic interventions.