Final answer:
The Inca civilization had accomplishments in mathematics and astronomy. They developed a counting system using quipus and used their astronomical knowledge to create a calendar. These achievements were important in their administration, economy, and religious practices.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Inca civilization had several accomplishments in mathematics and astronomy. In mathematics, they developed a sophisticated counting system using a device called quipus which consisted of strings with knots to represent numbers. They used base 10 counting and recorded different sets of knots for larger numbers. Quipus were portable and could count up to 10,000 per quipus.
In astronomy, the Inca studied the stars and constellations and used their knowledge to develop a calendar system. They constructed the Temple of the Sun with windows aligned to the winter and summer solstices, which served as a sundial to govern their daily activities and agricultural practices.
These mathematical and astronomical achievements played a significant role in the Inca civilization's administration, economy, and religious practices.