Final answer:
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) occurs in premature infants due to insufficient production of pulmonary surfactant. This leads to dyspnea and ineffective gas exchange. Treatment for RDS includes resuscitation, intubation, and administration of pulmonary surfactant.
Step-by-step explanation:
Treatment for RDS includes resuscitation, intubation, and mechanical ventilation if the infant is unable to breathe on their own. Pulmonary surfactant is administered to improve lung function, and other therapies such as corticosteroids, supplemental oxygen, and assisted ventilation may be used as well.
Causes of RDS include premature birth and risk factors such as gestational diabetes, cesarean delivery, second-born twins, and a family history of RDS. It is important to promptly recognize and treat RDS to prevent death and the development of other disorders.