Final answer:
For severe hyperventilation, anticonvulsants like diazepam may be used, especially if seizures are present. Benzodiazepines can be prescribed for underlying anxiety contributing to the condition, though their effectiveness can vary. Medical supervision is crucial due to potential side effects and overdose risks.
Step-by-step explanation:
For a severe case of hyperventilation, which is characterized by an increased ventilation rate leading to abnormally low blood carbon dioxide levels and high blood pH, certain medications can be administered. While the first line of treatment usually involves calming the patient and getting them to breathe slowly, medications might be required in more serious conditions.
One possible medication is an anticonvulsant, such as diazepam, which may be used to manage any associated seizures. This helps in reducing the risk of brain damage and improving long-term prognosis.
For patients with underlying anxiety disorders that could be contributing to hyperventilation, benzodiazepines may be prescribed. However, their success rate, particularly for conditions such as somnambulism, is variable. Additionally, patients with breathing problems potentially exacerbating their somnambulism could see a decrease in symptoms when their breathing issues are treated effectively.
It is important to note that self-administration of these drugs for hyperventilation is not typical, and they should be prescribed and administered by a healthcare professional. Incorrect use can have significant side effects, and in the case of benzodiazepines and barbiturates, there's a potential for fatal overdose.