Final answer:
For an echocardiogram on a small-statured patient, a 5 MHz transducer is typically the best choice as it offers better resolution for detailed structures without the need for deep penetration.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is about selecting the appropriate ultrasound transducer frequency for an echocardiogram to rule out sinus of Valsalva aneurysm for a 20 year old patient weighing 110 lbs and measuring 5'3". In echocardiography, the choice of transducer frequency is a balance between image resolution and depth of penetration. Higher frequencies provide better resolution but less penetration, while lower frequencies penetrate deeper but with lower resolution. For average adult patients, a transducer with a frequency of 2.5 to 3.5 MHz is typically used. Given the small physique of the patient, a higher frequency like 5 MHz (option C) would likely be the best choice as it provides better resolution, which is necessary for detailed structures like the sinus of Valsalva, and the patient's body size would not require as deep penetration as a larger individual. A higher-frequency transducer, such as 5 MHz, is preferable for imaging structures like the aorta, which allows for better detail and resolution in the examination of the sinus of Valsalva. The choice of transducer may still vary based on the specific equipment and protocols used in the healthcare facility, so it's essential to follow the guidelines and recommendations of the imaging department or the interpreting physician.