Final answer:
An eyeball with a shorter axial length is associated with hyperopia, where the images focus behind the retina and it can be corrected with a convex lens. Myopia is corrected with a concave lens which makes the cornea's curvature smaller, to focus images on the retina.
Step-by-step explanation:
An eyeball with a shorter axial length will be more predisposed to hyperopia (farsightedness), as this condition is characterized by the image being focused behind the retina due to the eyeball being too short. To correct myopia (nearsightedness), the cornea needs to be reshaped to make its curvature smaller, allowing the focal point to move back onto the retina. Myopia is depicted in Figure 11.7.4 where the focal point of images is in front of the retina as a result of an elongated eyeball, which is corrected using a concave lens. In contrast, hyperopia is shown in Figure 11.7.5, where the focal point of images is behind the retina due to a shorter than normal eyeball, and it can be corrected with a convex lens that moves the focal point forward onto the retina.