Final answer:
Hemiplegia is the term for paralysis on one side of the body, typically caused by damage to the nervous system such as a spinal cord injury.
Step-by-step explanation:
Paralysis on one side of the body is called hemiplegia. This condition results from damage to the nervous system, such as a spinal cord injury, where a hemisection of the cord might leave spinal cord tracts intact on one side causing paralysis on that side of trauma. In the case of a quadriplegia, a more severe injury affects the arms, hands, trunk, legs, and pelvic organs. Paraplegia affects the trunk, legs, and pelvic organs but spares the upper limbs. It's important to note that hemiparesis is a related term referring to weakness, not complete paralysis, on one side of the body.