Final answer:
Hemophilia is a hereditary blood disease that causes prolonged bleeding due to deficiencies in clotting factors, affecting mostly males and managed through clotting factor infusions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hemophilia is a hereditary blood disease characterized by prolonged bleeding, usually seen in males. This genetic disorder is caused by the inadequate production of clotting factors, which are essential for blood to clot after injury. Hemophilia A, which accounts for about 80% of cases, results from a deficiency in factor VIII, whereas Hemophilia B, accounting for about 20% of cases, is due to a deficiency in factor IX. Both are linked to the X chromosome and typically passed down from carrier mothers to male offspring. Females require two defective genes to manifest the disease fully. Regular infusions of clotting factors can help manage the condition, and there's potential for genetic therapy in the future.