Final answer:
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is the procedure performed when a person is not breathing and has no pulse, with emphasis on chest compressions over artificial respiration. Proper training is essential to effectively perform CPR and avoid potential injuries to the patient.
Step-by-step explanation:
The special procedure that is performed when someone like Mr. Chu suddenly falls to the ground, is not breathing, and has no pulse is called cardiopulmonary resuscitation or CPR. This emergency technique involves applying pressure to the sternum between the T4 and T9 vertebrae to manually compress the heart and maintain blood flow to vital organs, especially the brain. Proper hand placement and compression depth and rate are critical for effective CPR. One should aim for at least 5 cm deep compressions at a rate of 100 compressions per minute, which is the rhythm of the song "Staying Alive" by the Bee Gees. However, CPR training is essential to avoid causing harm, such as broken ribs or liver damage. Practicing on a mannequin as part of a certified course can ensure the technique is applied safely and effectively. Establishments like colleges, hospitals, the American Red Cross, and commercial companies offer these lifesaving courses.