Final answer:
Edema is the accumulation of excess water in the tissues, commonly in the extremities. It is caused by various factors and is diagnosed based on physical symptoms. In an obese patient, the skeletal muscle pump may contribute to the symptoms.
Step-by-step explanation:
Edema is the accumulation of excess water in the tissues, most commonly in the soft tissues of the extremities. It is caused by water leakage from blood capillaries and can be a symptom of underlying medical conditions, the use of certain drugs, pregnancy, localized injury, or allergic reaction. Edema is diagnosed by observing swelling of subcutaneous tissues, an increase in limb size, and stretched, tight skin. Treatment involves addressing the underlying cause.
In the case of an obese patient with swollen feet and ankles, fatigue, and shortness of breath, the skeletal muscle pump may play a role in her symptoms. The lack of physical activity and excess weight put strain on her legs, making it harder for blood to circulate properly. The skeletal muscle pump, which relies on the contraction of muscles during movement to help push venous blood back toward the heart, may be impaired in this patient.