Final answer:
Beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, and ARBs are classes of medications used to treat high blood pressure, coronary artery disease, and heart failure. Beta-blockers reduce heart rate and vessel constriction, ACE inhibitors block angiotensin II production, and ARBs prevent angiotensin II from binding to receptors.
Step-by-step explanation:
Antihypertensive Medications for HTN, CAD, and HF
One drug class that is commonly used for the treatment of hypertension (HTN), coronary artery disease (CAD), and heart failure (HF) is the class of beta-blockers. Beta-blockers work by blocking the beta-receptors associated with vasoconstriction and cardioacceleration, leading to dilated blood vessels and a reduced heart rate. Some examples of beta-blockers include metoprolol, which specifically blocks the B1-receptor, and propranolol, which blocks beta-receptors nonspecifically. Ace inhibitors, such as lisinopril and enalapril, are another class of medications that treat HTN by preventing the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, thereby reducing blood pressure. Additionally, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), such as losartan and valsartan, prevent angiotensin II from binding to its receptors and thus help control blood pressure and improve symptoms of heart failure.