Final answer:
Zafirlukast and montelukast are leukotriene receptor antagonists that help in the long-term control of atopic asthma by preventing airway tightening and reducing inflammation. They work alongside other treatments like antihistamines and avoidance of asthma triggers to manage the disease.
Step-by-step explanation:
Zafirlukast and montelukast are leukotriene receptor antagonists, which can provide long-term control of atopic (extrinsic allergic) asthma by increasing airway caliber and reducing mucosal inflammation. These medications work by blocking the action of leukotrienes, which are inflammatory chemicals the body releases in response to allergens. By doing so, they prevent the tightening of the airway muscles and the production of excess mucus and fluid.
In the context of asthma treatment, the management of inflammation and allergic responses are essential. Antihistamines block the release of histamines from mast cells, which can help alleviate allergy symptoms. However, for chronic asthma, which includes eosinophilic inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness, drugs like zafirlukast and montelukast that target leukotrienes play a significant role in long-term asthma control.
Avoiding triggers is also an important strategy in preventing asthma attacks. In conjunction with medication, identifying and avoiding exposure to potential asthma triggers can significantly improve the quality of life for individuals with asthma.
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