Final answer:
The internal carotid artery, an internal artery, gives rise to the ophthalmic artery, which in turn branches into the retinal artery supplying blood to the retina of the eye.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ophthalmic artery is a branch of the internal carotid artery that supplies blood to the eyes. It is an internal artery as it arises from within the skull, specifically from the internal carotid artery, which enters the base of the brain through the carotid foramen. From the internal carotid artery, the ophthalmic artery then branches into the retinal artery, which supplies blood to the retina of the eye.