Final answer:
A management audit evaluates the effectiveness of various systems within an organization. The Arthur, Bennett, Edens, and Bell study provides a framework for assessing the effectiveness of employee training as part of such an audit. When surveying employee satisfaction across random departments, it is an example of a cluster survey design.
The correct option is B.
Step-by-step explanation:
An evaluation of the effectiveness and efficiency of various systems within an organization is called a management audit. This type of audit assesses and evaluates managerial aspects like organizational structure, processes, and systems to ensure alignment with the company's objectives and to optimize performance.
Management audits often include various metrics, such as employee training effectiveness, which can be gauged through the immediate response to training efforts, learning outcomes at the end of the training, behavioral observations by supervisors, and resulting impacts on productivity and profits as per the 2003 study by Arthur, Bennett, Edens, and Bell.
Regarding employee satisfaction survey design, when a manager decides to measure satisfaction by selecting four departments at random and conducting interviews with all employees in those departments, they are using a cluster survey design. This approach groups participants into clusters (in this case, departments) that are then randomly selected to be included in the study, which ensures that the sample is representative of the entire population within the organizational framework.
The correct option is B.