Question

Child with bloody diarrhea with triad of thrombocytopenia, renal failure and hemolytic anemia (reticulocytes>3%). Dx + cause of small renal vessels occlusion ?

Answer 1

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) is a condition that can present with the triad of thrombocytopenia, renal failure, and hemolytic anemia. It is most commonly caused by infection with Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) bacteria. The small renal vessels become occluded, leading to renal failure.

Step-by-step explanation:

The triad of thrombocytopenia, renal failure, and hemolytic anemia with reticulocytes>3% is suggestive of a condition called Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS). HUS is most commonly caused by an infection with certain strains of E. coli bacteria, specifically Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC). The small renal vessels are occluded due to the formation of small blood clots, leading to renal failure.

HUS is characterized by bloody diarrhea, which is often the initial symptom. It can progress to more severe complications such as acute renal failure. Treatment focuses on supportive care, including fluid replacement and monitoring for complications like electrolyte imbalances.