Question

Describe some disorders as outlined in your book, regarding malfunctions of the Thyroid hormone secretion. For example, a goiter.

Answer 1

A goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland. Iodine can treat some cases of hypothyroidism but not when caused by Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Addison's disease involves hyposecretion of cortisol, Graves' disease involves hypersecretion of thyroid hormones, Cushing's syndrome involves hypersecretion of cortisol, and Type 1 diabetes involves hyposecretion of insulin.

Step-by-step explanation:

A goiter is an enlargement of the thyroid gland. It can occur due to iodine deficiency or as a result of hyperthyroidism, such as in Graves' disease. Giving iodine can treat some cases of hypothyroidism because it helps in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. However, it is not usually helpful when someone has hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis, which is an autoimmune disease.

For each disease mentioned:

1. Addison's disease: Involves hyposecretion of cortisol.
2. Graves' disease: Involves hypersecretion of thyroid hormones.
3. Cushing's syndrome: Involves hypersecretion of cortisol.
4. Type 1 diabetes: Involves hyposecretion of insulin.