Final answer:
The end-product of glycolysis is pyruvate, which can further undergo fermentation processes such as alcohol fermentation to produce ethanol and regenerate NAD+ from NADH.
Step-by-step explanation:
The end-product of glycolysis is pyruvate. Glycolysis is a series of reactions that break down glucose to produce pyruvate, ATP, and NADH. When glucose undergoes glycolysis, it is split into two molecules of pyruvate. The process includes various steps, with ATP generation occurring alongside the reduction of NAD+ to NADH.
In the absence of oxygen, pyruvate can undergo fermentation. For example, alcohol fermentation converts pyruvate into ethanol and carbon dioxide, and it is during this process that NADH is oxidized back to NAD+, allowing glycolysis to continue. However, it is important to note that pyruvate itself is not a fermentation product but rather the starting compound that can be further processed depending on cellular conditions.