Final answer:
Nocturnal polysomnography is a diagnostic tool for sleep apnea, a condition marked by breathing pauses during sleep and potentially serious health concerns. Treatment can include the use of CPAP machines, lifestyle changes, and sometimes supplemental oxygen.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding Nocturnal Polysomnography and Sleep Apnea
Nocturnal polysomnography is a type of sleep study used to diagnose sleep apnea. Sleep apnea is characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep due to physical blockage or failure of the respiratory centers in the brain. These interruptions can lead to serious health effects, like stroke, heart failure, and tiredness. For obstructive sleep apnea, a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine is commonly used to maintain open airways. In central sleep apnea, brain respiratory centers fail to appropriately respond to carbon dioxide levels, requiring different interventions. Sleep apnea is a concern for both adults and infants, and its treatment often includes lifestyle changes, supplemental oxygen, or the use of devices like CPAP machines.