Final answer:
Onychocryptosis is a condition where the nail grows into the skin of the nail grooves causing an ingrown nail. The nail grows from the nail matrix, which is a deep layer of living tissue containing stem cells. This area is critical for nail growth and protection against infections such as cutaneous mycoses.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term Onychocryptosis refers to a common condition when a nail, typically on the toe, grows into the skin of the nail grooves, leading to an ingrown nail. The nail matrix is a deep layer of epidermal tissue located at the proximal end of the nail and is responsible for nail growth. This matrix contains stem cells which divide to form the nail root and subsequently the nail plate as it grows.
Infections such as fungal infections or mycoses can affect the nails, which are generally classified depending on their level of invasiveness. These include cutaneous mycoses that infect the epidermis, hair, and nails superficially; subcutaneous mycoses that penetrate to infect deeper tissues, and systemic mycoses that can spread throughout the body. The nail anatomy also includes the cuticle, nail fold, and structures such as the eponychium and external root sheath, which are integral in protecting against such infections.