Final answer:
Tay-Sachs disease is a genetic disorder that is most commonly found in individuals of Eastern European Jewish origin; it is caused by a deficiency of the hexosaminidase A enzyme and leads to CNS deterioration.
Step-by-step explanation:
The inherited disease that occurs mainly in people of Eastern European Jewish origin and is characterized by an enzyme deficiency that results in CNS (Central Nervous System) deterioration is Tay-Sachs disease. Tay-Sachs disease is a genetic disorder where a deficiency in hexosaminidase A enzyme causes a buildup of certain lipids in the brain, leading to severe neurological damage, and ultimately death, usually by the age of 4 or 5. This disease is autosomal recessive, meaning that an individual must inherit two defective genes, one from each parent, to develop the disorder. While it does occur in the general population, it is more common among individuals of Ashkenazi Jewish descent.