Final answer:
In mitral stenosis, secondary findings can include left atrial enlargement and signs of pulmonary hypertension due to increased pressure from the stenosed mitral valve.
Step-by-step explanation:
Secondary findings in mitral stenosis can include: left atrial (LA) enlargement and signs of pulmonary hypertension (HTN). In mitral stenosis, the mitral valve becomes narrowed, restricting blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle. This leads to increased pressure in the left atrium and pulmonary veins, causing left atrial enlargement. The pressure can then be transmitted back into the pulmonary circulation, leading to pulmonary hypertension. Heart sounds associated with mitral stenosis include a diastolic murmur due to turbulent flow across the stenotic valve. Over time, the increased workload can cause the right ventricle to enlarge as it tries to pump against the increased pulmonary pressure, but left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) or dilatation is less common as the left ventricle is typically protected by the stenotic mitral valve.