Final answer:
Escape or termination clauses allow parties to leave an agreement under certain conditions. Right-to-work laws and presidential cooling-off periods play roles in labor disputes and union strikes. Contractual rights are upheld by property rights and legal enforcement in case of agreement breaches.
Step-by-step explanation:
Provisions that allow one or both parties to opt out of an agreement under specific reasons are known as escape clauses or termination clauses. In the context of labor law, there are regulations which allow states to decide whether all workers at a firm can be required to join a union as a condition of employment. This is reflective of states' right-to-work laws. Additionally, in situations such as a disruptive union strike, there is a mechanism for the intervention of the federal government where the president may declare a 'cooling-off period' that requires workers to return to work while negotiations continue. Contractual rights are a key element of this process and they are grounded in property rights, allowing individuals to make agreements regarding the use of their property with the assurance of legal support in case of breaches.