Final answer:
The stopping distance of a truck is influenced by the driver's reaction time, truck's initial velocity, road conditions, truck's weight, and the efficiency of the braking system. These factors combine to determine the total stopping distance required for a truck to come to a complete halt.
Step-by-step explanation:
Factors Affecting Stopping Distance of a Truck
Several factors influence the stopping distance of a truck, which is the total distance a truck covers from the moment the driver decides to stop until the truck comes to a complete halt. Here are five critical factors:
- Driver's reaction time: The time it takes for the driver to perceive a hazard and react by applying the brakes.
- Truck's initial velocity: The speed of the truck before the brakes are applied; higher speeds result in longer stopping distances.
- Road conditions: The surface quality, such as dry or wet pavement, can significantly affect the braking distance.
- Truck's weight: Heavier trucks require more distance to stop due to greater momentum.
- Braking system efficiency: The condition and quality of the brakes determine how quickly the truck can decelerate.
Understanding these factors is crucial for safety and efficient driving practices. It's important to note the distinction between reaction distance (the distance covered during the driver's reaction time) and braking distance (the distance covered from the onset of braking to a full stop) when calculating the total stopping distance.