Final answer:
Intra-lesional steroids are used to treat various dermatological conditions by decreasing localized inflammation. Prednisone and other corticosteroids are injected directly into lesions to minimize systemic side effects. Long-term use could cause health problems, making careful application imperative.
Step-by-step explanation:
Intra-lesional steroids are indicated for a variety of dermatological conditions where localized inflammation is present, such as keloids, hypertrophic scars, alopecia areata, lichen planus, and psoriasis plaques. They work by downregulating the immune system and decreasing the inflammatory response. A derivative of cortisone, such as prednisone, is often used. These medications can also be seen in different forms, like cortisone injections into joints, prednisone tablets, and hydrocortisone creams.
For intra-lesional use, a healthcare provider will inject a small amount of the steroid directly into the lesion using a fine needle. This method targets the affected area without the widespread side effects of systemic steroid use. However, caution should be exercised as prolonged use of steroids can lead to adverse health effects such as thinning of the skin, systemic absorption leading to suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, local skin atrophy, and others.